Loving v. Virginia

Glossary

• ad valorem tax a tax on goods computed on the basis of their value
• case at bar the case that the Court is presently hearing (used in preference to “this case,” which can be misinterpreted to have a more general meaning)
• class action a lawsuit brought by one or more persons on behalf of a large group
• Framers the writers of the Constitution
• Freedmen's Bureau Bill the bill that established the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands in 1865 to aid newly emancipated African Americans
• nativism any policy or viewpoint that favors the interests of the present inhabitants of a country over those of newcomers; opposition to immigration
• post-War Amendments the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, passed in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War to abolish slavery and protect the rights of African Americans
• President Johnson Andrew Johnson, Abraham Lincoln's successor as president in the years immediately following the Civil War
• Tenth Amendment the amendment to the U.S. Constitution, contained in the Bill of Rights, that says that powers not expressly conferred on the federal government are reserved to the states