Pope Urban II: Call to Crusade

Further Reading

Articles

• Cowdrey, H. E. J. “Pope Urban II’s Preaching of the First Crusade.” History 55 (1970): 177–188.
• Munro, Dana Carleton. “The Speech of Pope Urban II at Clermont, 1095.” American Historical Review 11, no. 2 (January 1906): 231–242.

Books

• Cole, Penny J. The Preaching of the Crusades to the Holy Land, 1095–1270. Cambridge, Mass.: Medieval Academy of America, 1991.
• Housley, Norman. Fighting for the Cross: Crusading to the Holy Land. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2008.
• Riley-Smith, Jonathan. The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986.
• Thatcher, Oliver J., and Edgar H. McNeal. A Source Book for Medieval History. New York: Scribners, 1905.
• Tyerman, Christopher. God’s War: A New History of the Crusades. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2006.

Web Sites

• “Crusades: A Guide to Online Resources.” ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies Web site. http://the-orb.net/encyclop/religion/crusades/crusade.html.
• “A History of the Crusades.” University of Wisconsin Digital Collections. http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/History/subcollections/HistCrusadesAbout.html.