Sam Houston: Speech on His Refusal to Take the Oath of Loyalty to the Confederacy - Milestone Documents

Sam Houston: Speech on His Refusal to Take the Oath of Loyalty to the Confederacy

( 1861 ) Commentary by Michael J. O'Neal, Ph.D.

Glossary

Lone Star a reference to the Texas state flag, which features a single star
without the pale of the Constitution outside the bounds of the Constitution, referring to the pickets, or “pales,” of a fence

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Sam Houston (Library of Congress)

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